Orthopraxy In Islam Essay -- essays research papers fc

Orthopraxy in IslamIslamic liveliness is centered on the physical practice of orison (salat). With that the religion of Islam itself is based in the organized movement through which Muslims show their devotion to Allah. The prayer begins with the devotee standing, bending slowly into a sitting position and ending in full collapse. gesticulate fully onto the ground is a practice that shows humility and represents the true devotion of members. Practice-centered religion differentiates itself from orthodox religion in that it focuses primarily on ritual practice, kind of than theology or doctrine, orthodox meaning correct opinion. The most visible orthodox religion of America is Christianity. Christianity centers life around the opinions of the church with slight emphasis on purity and behavior. Islamic life is distinctly based on what can be defined as orthopraxy or the importance of apparitional practice. The orthopraxy of Islam can be seen in at least three of the Five Pillar s of Islam, salat, Ramadan and the hajj, which are also representative of Muslim faith and duties.Salat, as mentioned earlier, is the performance of prayer five times a day. The prayer, which includes full prostration, is performed facing Mecca. In the The Meaning of the Glorious Koran, (the earliest source of Islamic writing as dictated to Mohammed), it is written, Whencesoever metre comest forth (for prayer, O Mohammed) turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship. Lo it is the Truth from thy Lord. Allah is not unaware of what ye do (Surah 2149). Implicit directions for prayer also intro the amount of emphasis on practice. Salat must be performed five times daily, at specific times of the day early morning, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and evening. Each Friday a congregational service is held at the mosque and every male is required to attend. Before prayer, four ritual aspects are required ritual purification, good covering of the body, proper intention, and facing Mec ca, or qibla (1). The emphasis on purity is directly associated with prayer, as one must not be impure in any mode when one prays. The ritual impurity associated with everyday living is known as najasa or hadath. Najasa is external impurity including but not limited to, urine, blood, pus, feces of animals and humans. Hadath is impurity of the soul... ...ractices of The Five Pillars of Islam, the original and continually practiced rituals of Muslims. The difference also involves the lifestyle of the Christians. In most Christian sects/denominations there is no encounter with personal circumambulation, prostration or ritual covering of the body. These physical aspects of Islam truly separate it from what can be considered orthodoxy.The faith and duties of Islam are inside of the practices performed. The Islamic people practice exacting physical rituals that correspond directly with their belief system. The Five Pillars of Islam exemplify the practices of Islam in that they require physical practice including worship, behavior and ritual cleanliness. The practices are followed obediently by Muslims and are seen as enhancing the relationship one has with Allah. As Dr. Denny says, Islamon the other hand, views religion as a way of life and a ritual patterning of that life under Gods lordship (1). Works Cited1.See Frederick Dennys book, An Introduction to Islam pages 112-136. 2.Pickthall, Mohammed Marmaduke, ed. The Meaning of the Glorious Koran. Mentor, NY, NY.

Immigration Reform Essay -- Economics Welfare Immigration Essays

Immigration Reform At this cadence, the United States has allowed more immigrants to enter thecountry than at any time in its history. Over a million legal and illegalimmigrants take up residence in the United States each year. Immigration at its current magnitude is not fulfilling the interests or demands of this country.With the country struggling to support the huge intake of new comers, life inAmerica has been suffering tremendously. The excessive filter out put upon the social welfare system, overuse of the family reunification laws, and the exploitationof employment based immigration in the computer industry are reasons forimmigration reform. The United States welfare system has difficulties supporting the hugenumbers of immigrants coming into the country each year. A majority of theimmigrants are from poor countries and come to the U.S. looking for work. A look cheek called Urban Institute revealed that immigrants use morewelfare and earn lower incomes than natives, which results in immigrants payingless taxes. The Urban Institute is a non-profit organization that investigatesthe social and economic problems of this country. Statistics from a Federationfor American Immigration Reform (FAIR) newsletter shows, ?. . . the administer ofimmigrant households below the poverty line (29 percent) is much higher than theshare of native households that are poor (14 percent)--more than twice as high.?Due to the large numbers of poverty st...

protien synthesis Essays -- essays research papers

Protein SynthesisThe Expression of a GeneThe process of Protein Synthesis involves many parts of the cell. Unlike other similar productions, this process is very(prenominal) complex and precise and therefore must be d adept in proper sequence to work effectively. The slightest error during this process could get to the action to run into difficulty or even fail. For example, in the production of starch, glucose molecules are combined to be sto ruby-red and eventually utilized as usable chemical energy. The cell potful break down the starch with little difficulty as if each molecule was identical, even though there is a wide variety of molecules. This is a different case in Protein Synthesis. In Protein Synthesis, there are twenty different amino acids and if one is out of place than is will effect the specificity of the protein. In a healthy person, the protein hemoglobin can be found in red blood cells, hemoglobin is helps with the transfer of respiratory gases from the blood to the tissues of the body. With an illness called sickle-cell anemia, the red blood cells are changed from a round, disk shape to a floppy looking sickle shape. These cells therefore cannot pass through small blood vessels collectable to their divergent shape. The actual cause of this mutation is a gene disorder, where the sixth codon of the protein glutamaric acid is changed with valine. This small change in the genetic tag can cause severe defects in the effected such as blood clots, severe disorders and even death. All this can result from a misinterpretation in one codon in a chain of hundreds Protein synthesis acts in this way, that is if there is only the most minuscule mistake it can have monstrous effects. THE BASICS OF deoxyribonucleic acid AND GENESProtein synthesis first begins in a gene. A gene is a section of chromosome compound of deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA. Each DNA strand is collected of phosphate, the five-carbon sugar deoxyribose and nitrogenous bases or nuc leotides. There are four grammatical cases of nitrogenous bases in DNA. They are (A)denine, (G)uanine, (T)hymine, (C)ytosine and they must be paired very specifically. Only deoxyadenosine monophosphate with Thymine (A-T) and Guanine with Cytosine (G-C).To form a polynucleotide DNA, many nucleotides are linked together with 3-5 phosphodiester linkages. In a compl... ... structure of many chromosomes ( chromosomal mutations). Mutations are not always bad because they can cause adaptation and variation in people.Point Mutations and Base Pair MutationsThe most common type of mutation involves a change in only a single base pair. This change only effects a single codon of the gene. There are three types of base pair mutations silent, missense, and chain termination. Silent mutations involves the repositioning of the third codon. This does not effect the amino acid sequence. Missense mutation is where one codon is altered to code for a different amino acid (sickle cell anemia). Chain t ermination mutations involve the codon being changes to a stop codon. This causes the protein synthesis to remain incomplete and regress most of the biological activity.Frame shift Mutations and MutagensThis is the addition or deletion of one or more base pair but not multiples of three. This causes the ribosome to take aim the codon incorrectly causing and entirely different amino acid sequence. Mutagens are agents that increase the frequency of mutations. X-rays or other radiation are causes of mutagens.

Soil Formation Under Desert Pavements Essay -- Geology Topography Pape

Soil Formation Under Desert PavementsDesert pavements are common land chassiss in arid regions. They consist of flat or sloping surfaces where stones are closely packed angular or rounded, and generally exhibit low relief (Mabbutt, 1977). Pavements tend to form on both alluvial fan toposequences and on weathering volcanic flow fields in arid regions. Soils are often found under retire from pavements and they play an important role in the evolution of pavements (McFadden et. al., 1987). In the past there have been several(prenominal) theories as to the formation pavements and soil development infra them. Deflation, or the erosion of finer grained particles from a surface, stone concentration by wash erosion and upward displacement of stone due to shrink and dandy clay characteristics were at one time believed to be the main factors in the formation of desert pavements (Mabbutt, 1977). However, more recent research has shown that desert pavements are born(p) and maintained at the surface, and that the soil below them is mainly eolian in origin. Slow accretion of eolian dust below the pavement is a process that eventually develops assemble horizons. Eolian dust in environments where pavements often develop is rich in carbonate salts and clays due to the fact it often originates from nearby playa lake evaporate basins (McFadden et. al., 1987). Soils that form below the pavements oer time develop calcic horizons and clay rich structure due to the influx of these eolian fines through the pavement surface. In turn the development of mature or plugged calcic horizons effects the form of the pavement surface because it alters the water drainage infiltration rate and causes pavements to decline.Desert PavementsDesert pavements form in several di... ...cFadden, Leslie D., 1988, Climatic Influences on rates and processes of soil development in Quaternary deposits of Southern atomic number 20 Geological Society of America Special Paper 216, p. 153-175Mc Fadden, L. D. , Wells, S. G., and Jercinovich, M. J., 1987, Influence of eolian and pedogenic processes on the origin and evolution of desert pavements Geology, v.15, p. 504-508.Ritter, Process GeomorphologyWells, Stephen G., Dohrenwend, John C., McFadden, Leslie D., Turrin, Brent D., and Mahrer, Kenneth D., 1985, Late Cenezoic evolution on Lava Flow surfaces of the Cima volcanic field, Mojave Desert, California Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 96, p. 1518-1529.Wells, Stephen. G., and Mc Fadden, Leslie D., 1995, Cosmogenic 3He surface-exposure dating of stone pavements Implications for landscape evolution in deserts Geology, v. 23, p. 613-16.

Struggle between Romantic and Enlightened Thought Essay -- Enlightened

We are often presented with potential write ups or answers to current philosophic dilemmas through temporally relevant works of literature. The late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, or the Romantic Era, is characterized as a time in biography in which aristocratic social and political norms of the Enlightened Era were radically questioned and investigated. For Enlightened thinkers, the idea of being was composed of three essential parts, the true, the beautiful, and the good. Isaac Newtons contrisolelyions to scientific method were fascinating in the respect that they seemed to provide truths regarding quantitative matter. Yet his science failed to provide us with knowledge of all qualitative matters, such(prenominal) as morals and aesthetics. With Newtons laws held in such high regard, the model of being was decomposed to simply the true, or scientific knowledge which is recognized and substantiate through his laws of motion, proceeding to exclude all matters which Newto ns lens could not be pointed. It is apparent that problems would arise as a result. Qualitative matters could not be explained through Newtons science, which created a sense of bewilderment. People began to question whether certain quantitative matters actually pertained to all aspects of life. Rousseau, whose writings contributed immensely to Romanticism, proposes a new model of being, which is later confirmed by Kant and Schiller. His new model strengthens the enlightened ideas of being, and allows for the application of being to both the quantitative and qualitative. Mary Shelleys Frankenstein provides an explanation to the struggle dealing with true being between Enlightened and Romantic thinkers while exemplifying Romantic thought on happiness. ... ...nize the monster as much then a hideous being. Instead Walton understands the morals and ethics that lie beneath the monsters flesh, eventually appreciating his true goodness, in a similar fashion that Schiller and Kant propose. The conditional relation of the philosophical dilemma between Enlightened and Romantic thinkers is exemplified through Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. This symbolic literary work provides readers with insight to the problem philosophers of the time go about when dealing with the idea of true being. Through the monster, the townspeople and Walton, we are able to gain a complete understanding of the situation Rousseau, Kant, and Schiller dealt with. In the end, it is clear that in order to experience true being and beauty one must not rely solely on Newtons scientific lens, but must also understand the quantitative matters such as morals and ethics.

Struggle between Romantic and Enlightened Thought Essay -- Enlightened

We are often presented with potential explanations or answers to current philosophical dilemmas through temporally relevant works of literature. The former(a) eighteenth and early nineteenth century, or the romanticist Era, is characterized as a time in history in which aristocratic social and political norms of the enlighten Era were radically questioned and investigated. For Enlightened thinkers, the idea of being was composed of three essential parts, the true, the beautiful, and the good. Isaac norths contributions to scientific method were fascinating in the notice that they seemed to provide truths regarding quantitative matter. Yet his science failed to provide us with knowledge of all qualitative matters, much(prenominal) as morals and aesthetics. With Newtons laws held in such high regard, the model of being was decomposed to simply the true, or scientific knowledge which is recognized and confirmed through his laws of motion, proceeding to exclude all matters which New tons lens could not be pointed. It is apparent that problems would arise as a result. Qualitative matters could not be explained through Newtons science, which created a sense of bewilderment. People began to question whether certain quantitative matters actually pertained to all aspects of life. Rousseau, whose writings contributed immensely to Romanticism, proposes a new model of being, which is later confirmed by Kant and Schiller. His new model strengthens the enlightened ideas of being, and allows for the application of being to both the quantitative and qualitative. Mary Shelleys Frankenstein provides an explanation to the struggle dealing with true being amid Enlightened and Romantic thinkers while exemplifying Romantic thought on happiness. ... ...nize the monster as more then a hideous being. Instead Walton understands the morals and ethics that lie beneath the monsters flesh, eventually appreciating his true goodness, in a similar fashion that Schiller and Kant propose. The significance of the philosophical dilemma between Enlightened and Romantic thinkers is exemplified through Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. This symbolic literary work provides readers with insight to the problem philosophers of the time faced when dealing with the idea of true being. Through the monster, the townspeople and Walton, we are able to gain a complete understanding of the situation Rousseau, Kant, and Schiller dealt with. In the end, it is clear that in order to experience true being and dishful one must not rely solely on Newtons scientific lens, but must also understand the quantitative matters such as morals and ethics.

Microeconomics and faber-castell

The perfect definition of a purely competitive market in microeconomics states that at that place should be specific factors which must be followed in order to guarantee that firms who are participating in the business for companies which are moving in the markets do non have control of prices. Such factors are easy transportation, perfect communication, and a host of numerous other variables. However, practicing the most important factor in find out a perfectly competitive states in the economy and a perfectly competitive product is the homogeneity of a certain good.And this is where our definition of commodity comes in. In microeconomics, a commodity is usually posed as an object or a good in which there is a certain demand, but provided which is supplied by firms without differentiation between the other products. And although we are all to used associate the word commodity with absolutely anything that has to do with a good or service that we should be purchasing, in its p urest sense and definition, a commodity is characterized by something in where it is the market which defines their prices, and not any other factor of control. Note that our keyword for this picture of discussion is that a quantity should not be differentiated from other goods because if it is so, then it would theoretically be able to define the market price in its own, and not because as an effect of other factors imperfect competition (Mankiw, 2006).We then come to the discussion of an article by the economist.com website where in it discusses the history of the pencil corporation Faber-Castell.Our discussion of Faber-Castell as a commodity now becomes sacrificed, for he bear now say, after being given a definition of what a commodity is that Faber-Castell cannot possibly be a commodity. The reason for this is that as the article discusses, unlike the many other pencils available to our global markets, both in the local and internationalist sense, today are more or less homo geneous in nature (Economist, 2007). Meaning that although of course they can have many other brands which define their names, we do not necessarily care among the brands because each pencil is basically the same as the other. The case of Faber-Castell, however, is that its pencils are produced in such a means and distributed in such a way that it may be further identified as a pencil with true look and a ofttimes higher treasure accordingly than the other pencils available in the market.Again of course one may argue that a pencil is still a pencil. However, as we have discovered in the reading of the article, because of the nature of how the pencil is created specifically the lead content, the wood used in creating its frame, even its eraser and design has specifically put the user into mine even up to the point of already creating a steady following for its use. The article stated extremely popular names as the handful of the people who are loyal to the use of such a pencil. The moorageing of the brands classification from commodity may even be horizon of as a move where in is the owner of the keep order, Count Anton Wolfgang von Faber-Castell .net actually classify it as not a commodity, that it would eventually do so because the quality of the pencils themselves creates its own definition (Mulligan, 2007).as we have perhaps learned in many of our economics and management courses, as well as to the floor of the many here ethical marketing books out in the market today, product integrity plays an important role in the popularity and eventually the profit maximizing value of outputs of products. Not only would there be higher tax incomes and therefore higher meshing in London was to say able to maintain the integrity of the companys products, it will also serve as a self advertising method for the companies.Perhaps the closest thing that we could compare to our influence of Faber-Castell is the company of General Electronics headed by Jack Welch, where it is also product integrity as low as quality of the outputs being produced that displays at the highest importance and role in the company.If we were to use a theoretical model for microeconomics in understanding the issue of product integrity, perhaps you could relate it most closely to the demand par of the come out and demand model.although the movement in the demand curve and eventually the demand schedule is determined specifically by price, the shifting of the said curve is affect by many other variable such as the income of consumers, the tastes and preferences of consumers, the price is up for latent or substitute goods, and the other factors except for price. It is here that we implement that if we were to factor in integrity into such economic variables, ceteris paribus, we arrive at the conclusion that product integrity may also be able to shift the demand curve further upward if product integrity is maintained or increased.The opposite may also be true, howev er, and that is essentially the danger in economics, where in unlike the labor supply of macroeconomics by John Keynes which is sticky upwards, micro economic models such as the demand function and to demand equation are effected both ways and both sides. Increasing the integrity of a product may be able to increase its demand and therefore increase revenues and profit, but a decrease in the integrity of the product may also be able to perform the opposite effect, which is to decrease revenues and profits as well as increased costs, therefore moving the company closer to shut down point or already above the residual price.Also, if we take in Faber-Castell to our situation, we also realize that the firms economic model is at actually a perfectly competitive model or not even close. What it does close to, however, is a monopoly model for the economy where in the demand curve for certain firm is downward sloping and its marginal revenue curve is also below the demand curve where in de creasing quantity produced results in an increase in price.Because of the impacts on welfare of a monopoly model of a firm in an economy, it is more or less cited as negative by economists. However, in the real world situation where it is money that rules, we could not ignore the fact that Faber-Castell has achieved a monopoly setting again because it has shifted its commodity into a monopoly good.We therefore arrive at the final question of efficiency. Economic efficiency highlights that there is no welfare loss, which is explained by the Pareto Optimality condition of the production possibilities frontier. However, real world definition of efficiency states clearly higher profits (Sutton, 2007). And in the case of our Faber-Castell model, we can perhaps say that it has achieved efficiency within itself because of how it has been able to market its good so effectively that demand is higher.Works CitedAt the sharp end aspect value.(Faber-Castell Corp.). Economist (US), The, March 3 , 2007.Mankiw, N. Gregory. Principles of Microeconomics. Mason, OH South-Western College Pub, 2006.Mulligan, Mark. Pencil me in the CEO of Faber-Castell, the worlds top pencil maker, sets his sights on Latin America. Why not? Most of his production is already in Brazil. Latin CEO Executive Strategies for the Americas , June 1, 2001.Sutton, John. Sunk Costs and Market Structure Price Competition, Advertising, and the Evolution of Concentration. Cambridge, Massachusetts The Mit Press, 2007.

Mexican View Point on the War with the United States

A Mexican View get in time on the War With the United States Introduction Jesus Velasco-Marquez wrote A Mexican View Point on the War With the United States sometime around 1991. He wrote to share how the Mexicans felt about the U. S-Mexican War. Mexico was only reacting to the United States government victorious what was rightfully theirs. personify The U. S- Mexican War has two very different stories depending on whom you ask. The state of war officially started when the president of the United States at the time (James K. Polk) sent troops to the kingdom between Rio Grande and Nueces River, Texans believed that its border was the Rio Grande.Mexicans did not acknowledge the Rio Grande as the border they believed it was the Nueces River. The troops imagination they were on Texan soil. Mexicans thought that the Americans had invaded their soil. So Mexican troops attacked The American troops, which gives birth to the widely conceived rumor of the Mexicans killed Americans on Am erican territory. Jesus thought it was important to point out that this was not entirely true because the land was rightfully the Mexicans and they truly believed they were just defending their land.It was important to him to tell how the Mexicans were not just attacking American soldiers in cold blood. Even though there was a peace treaty wrote up before the fighting began Mexico did not consider it much of a compromise. They would lose all of Texas, Oregon and California. From the Mexican view point it looked like that had no choice but to fight the matter out. If they did not stand up for themselves they would look like a weak country. It seemed to them that the Americans were not treating them fairly. So, they started taking action. Which ended in an all out war.Marquez wrote his article with many valid points concerning the war and the Mexican viewpoint. I believe that it was a little hard to understand. Although it did befool all the points well organized. One thing that Jesu s thought was important to learn from his article was Mexico was simply defending its national security. Also he thought it was important to let the reader know that Mexico was not being arrogant, just responding to the American governments actions. He wanted others to know that the Mexican government was somewhat unstable at the time.If any leader tried to come to an agreement with the Americans and someone else didnt like that decision that person would be overthrown. Most people in Mexico believed the use of arms was the only option available to defend their rights and territorial integrity. I think that this is an important quote from the text. It shows the view of most Mexicans at the time. They were not being irresponsible by fighting but just standing up for what they believed was right. In the American Pageant the Mexican-American War is mentioned in chapter 17.One subtitle is Misunderstandings with Mexico the war is described as a result of the presidents want for manifes t destiny. Another subtitle describing the war is American Blood on American (? ) Soil, which describes the confusion there was over the Rio Grande River and Nuece River being boundaries. /the page numbers are 368-373. Conclusion Before reading Jesus Velasco-Marquez article I knew nothing of the Mexican-American War. later on reading the article I am much more informed about the war in general. Also I know have a greater understanding of the challengers the Mexicans faced during this war.

The Twilight Saga 2: New Moon Chapter 13 KILLER

IF IT WAS ANYONE BUT JACOB, I THOUGHT TO MYSELF, shaking my head as I drove everywhere comply the forest-lined high delegacy to La Push.I thus far wasnt sure if I was domg the right thing, but Id make a compromise with myself.I couldnt condone what Jacob and his friends, his pack, were doing. I understood now what hed verbalize last nightthat I might non demand to agnise him againand I could feed called him as hed suggested, but that felt cowardly. I owed him a face-to-face conversition, at least. I would dissever him to his face that I couldnt erect overlook what was going on. I couldnt be friends with a cut downer and say nonhing, permit the bulgeing suck up across That would make me a monster, too.But I couldnt not warn him, either. I had to do what I could to protect him.I pulled up to the Blacks house with my lips pressed unneurotic into a hard line. It was bad enough that my best friend was a werewolf. Did he have to be a monster, too?The house was dark, no lig hts in the windows, but I didnt care if I woke them. My fist thudded against the front end door with angry energy the sound reverberated finished the debates.Come in, I perceived billy call by and by a minute, and a light flicked on.I twisted the knob it was unlocked. Billy was leaning around an open door agency vindicatory run into the little kitchen, a bathrobe around his shoulders, not in his chair yet. When he saw who it was, his eyes widened briefly, and past his face braided stoic.Well, good morning, Bella. What are you doing up so early?Hey, Billy. I need to talk to Jakewhere is he?Um I dont really have it away, he lied, straight-faced.Do you know what Charlie is doing this morning? I demanded, sick of the stalling.Should I?He and half the early(a) men in town are all out in the woods with guns, hunting giant wolves.Billys expression flickered, and thus went blank.So Id homogeneous to talk to Jake about that, if you dont consciousness, I continued.Billy pursed his thick lips for a long moment. Id bet hes still asleep, he finally give tongue to, nodding toward the small hallway off the front live. Hes out late a lot these days. Kid needs his restprobably you shouldnt wake him.Its my invert, I muttered under my breath as I stalked to the hallway. Billy sighed.Jacobs tiny c recurt of a room was the only door in the yard-long hallway. I didnt b other to knock. I threw the door open it slammed against the wall with a bang.Jacobstill wearing skilful the uniform black cut-off sweats hed worn last nightwas stretched diagonally across the double bed that took up all of his room but a few inches around the edges. Even on a slant, it wasnt long enough his feet hung off the one end and his head off the other. He was fast asleep, snoring lightly with his mouth hanging open. The sound of the door hadnt even make him twitch.His face was peaceful with (deep sleep, all the angry lines smoothed out. on that point were circles under his eyes that I ha dnt noticed to begin with. Despite his ridiculous size, he looked very young now, and very weary. Pity shook me.I stepped rearwards out, and omit the door quietly behind me.Billy stared with curious, guarded eyes as I walked slowly back into the front room.I ideate Ill let him get nigh rest.Billy nodded, and so we gazed at each other for a minute. I was dying to ask him about his part in this.What did he think of what his son had become? But I knew how hed supported Sam from the very beginning, and so I supposed the murders must not bother him. How he confirm that to himself I couldnt imagine.I could see many questions for me in his dark eyes, but he didnt enunciate them either.Look, I said, breaking the loud silence. Ill be down at the beach for a while. When he wakes up, tell him Im waiting for him, okay?Sure, sure, Billy agreed.I wondered if he really would. Well, if he didnt, Id tried, right?I drove down to First Beach and parked in the empty dirt lot. It was still darkt he gloomy predawn of a cloudy dayand when I cut the headlights it was hard to see. I had to let my eyes adjust before I could settle the path that led through the tall hedge of weeds. It was colder here, with the wind whipping off the black water, and I shoved my hands deep into the pockets of my winter jacket. At least the rain had stop.I paced down the beach toward the north seawall. I couldnt see St. throng or the other islands, just the vague shape of the waters edge. I picked my way carefully across the rocks, watching out for drif twood that might trip me.I anchor what I was spirit for before I realized I was looking for it. It materialized out of the gloom when it was just a few feet away a long bone-white driftwood tree isolated deep on the rocks. The roots twisted up at the seaward end, like a hundred brittle tentacles. I couldnt be sure that it was the same tree where Jacob and I had had our first conversationa conversation that had begun so many different, tangled thr eads of my lifebut it seemed to be in about the same place I sat down where Id sat before, and stared out across the invisible sea.Seeing Jacob like thatinnocent and vulnerable in sleephad stolen all my revulsion, dissolved all my anger. I still couldnt turn a blind sye to what was hazard, like Billy seemed to, but I couldnt condemn Jacob for it either. Love didnt work that way, I decided. Once you cared about a person, it was impossible to be logical about them any to a greater extent(prenominal). Jacob was my friend whether he put to deathed people or not. And I didnt know what I was going to do about that.When I pictured him sleeping so peacefully, I felt an overpowering urge to protect him. Completely illogical.Illogical or not, I brooded over the memory his peaceful face, trying to come up with some answer, some way to shelter him, while the sky slowly turned gray.Hi,Bella.Jacobs joint came from the darkness and disgustede me jump. It was soft, almost shy, but Id been expe cting some forewarning from the noisy rocks, and so it still undertakeled me. I could see his silhouette against the plan of attack sunriseit looked enormous.Jake?He stood several paces away, shifting his weight from infantry to foot anxiously.Billy told me you came bydidnt take you very long, did it? I knew you could figure it out.Yeah, I remember the right story now, I whispered.It was quiet for a long moment and, though it was still too dark to see well, my skin prickled as if his eyes were searching my face. There must have been enough light for him to read my expression, because when he spoke again, his voice was suddenly acidic.You could have just called, he said harshly.I nodded. I know.Jacob started pacing along the rocks. If I listened very hard, I could just catch out the gentle brush of his feet on the rocks behind the sound of the waves. The rocks had clattered like castanets for me.Why did you come? he demanded, not halting his angry st force back.I thought it would be better face-to-face.He snorted. Oh, much better.Jacob, I have to warn youAbout the rangers and the hunters? Dont worry about it. We already know.Dont worry about it? I demanded in disbelief. Jake, theyve got guns Theyre setting t knaps and offering rewards andWe can take care of ourselves, he growled, still pacing. Theyre not going to catch anything. Theyre only making it more difficulttheyll start disappearing soon enough, too.Jake I hissed.What? Its just a fact.My voice was pale with revulsion. How can you feel that way? You know these people. Charlies out there The thought make my stomach twist.He came to an abrupt stop. What more can we do? he retorted.The sun turned the clouds a slivery pink above us. I could see his expression now it was angry, frustrated, betrayed.Could you well, try to not be a werewolf? I suggested in a whisper.He threw his hands up in the air. similar I have a choice about it he shouted. And how would that help anything, if youre worried about people disappearing?I dont understand you.He glared at me, his eyes narrowing and his mouth twisting into a snarl. You know what makes me so mad I could just spit?I flinched away from his hostile expression. He seemed to be waiting for an answer, so I shook my head.Youre such a hypocrite, Bellathere you sit, terrified of me How is that fair? His hands shook with anger.Hypocrite? How does being afraid of a monster make me a hypocrite?Ugh he groaned, pressing his trembling fists to his temples and squeezing his eyes shut. Would you listen to yourself?What?He took two steps toward me, leaning over me and glaring with fury. Well, Im so sorry that I cant be the right kind of monster for you, Bella. I guess Im just not as great as a bloodsucker, am I?I jumped to my feet and glared back. No, youre not I shouted. Its not what you are, stupid, its what you doWhats that supposed to mean? He roared, his entire frame quivering with rage.I was taken entirely by surprise when Edwards voice cautioned me. Be very careful, Bella, his velvet voice warned. Dont push him too far. You need to calm him down.Even the voice in my head was making no sense today.I listened to him, though. I would do anything for that voice.Jacob, I pleaded, making my promissory note soft and even. Is it really necessary to kill people, Jacob? Isnt there some other way? I mean, if vampires can find a way to survive without murdering people, couldnt you give it a try, too?He straightened up with a jerk, like my words had sent an electric shock through him. His eyebrows shot up and his eyes stared wide.Killing people? he demanded.What did you think we were lecture about?He wasnt trembling anymore. He looked at me with half-hopeful disbelief. I thought we were talking about your disgust for werewolves.No, Jake, no. Its not that youre a wolf. Thats fine, I promised him, and I knew as I said the words that I meant them. I really didnt care if he turned into a big wolfhe was still Jacob. If you could just find a w ay not to hurt people thats all that upsets me. These ate innocent people, Jake, people like Charlie, and I cant just look the other way while youIs that all? Really? he interrupted me, a grimace breaking across his face. Youre just scared because Im a murderer? Thats the only tenableness?Isnt that drive enough?He started to laugh.Jacob Black, this is so notfunnySure, sure, he agreed, still chortling.He took one long stride and caught me in another vice-tight bear hug.You really, honestly dont mind that I morph into a giant dog? he asked, his voice joyful in my ear.No, I gasped. CantbreatheJakeHe let me go, but took both my hands. Im not a killer, Bella.I studied his face, and it was clear that this was the truth. Relief pulsed through me.Really? I asked.Really, he promised solemnly.I threw my arms around him. It reminded me of that first day with the motorcycleshe was bigger, though, and I felt even more like a child now.Like that other time, he stroked my hair.Sorry I called yo u a hypocrite, he apologized.Sorry I called you a murderer.He laughed.I thought of something then, and pulled away from him so that I could see his face. My eyebrows furrowed in anxiety. What about Sam? And the others?He shook his head, delightful like a huge burden had been removed from his shoulders. Of course not. Dont you remember what we call ourselves?The memory was clearId just been thinking of that very day. Protectors?Exactly.But I dont understand. Whats happening in the woods? The missing hikers, the blood?His face was serious, worried at once. Were trying to do our job, Bella. Were trying to protect them, but were always just a little too late.Protect them from what? Is there really a bear out there, too?Bella, honey, we only protect people from one thingour one enemy. Its the reason we existbecause they do.I stared at him blankly for one second before I understood. accordingly the blood drained from my face and a thin, wordless cry of curse broke through my lips.He no dded. I thought you, of all people, would reali2e what was really going on.Laurent, I whispered. Hes still here.Jacob blinked twice, and cocked his head to one military position. Whos Laurent?I tried to crystalise out the chaos in my head so that I could answer. You knowyou saw him in the meadow. You were there The words came out in a wondering tone as it all sunk in. You were there, and you unploughed him from killing meOh, the black-haired leech? He grinned, a tight, fierce grin. Was that his name?I shuddered. What were you thinking? I whispered. He could have killed you Jake, you dont realize how dangerousAnother laugh interrupted me Bella, one lone vampire isnt much of a problem for a pack as big as ours. It was so easy, it was hardly even funWhat was so easy?Killing the bloodsucker who was going to kill you. Now, I dont count that towards the unharmed murder thing, he added quickly. Vampires dont count as people.I could only mouth the words. You killed Laurent?He nodded. We ll, it was a group effort, he qualified.Laurent is dead? I whispered.His expression changed. Youre not upset about that, are you? He was going to kill youhe was going for the kill, Bella, we were sure of that before we attacked. You know that, right?I know that. No, Im not upsetIm I had to sit down. I stumbled back a step until I felt the driftwood against my calves, and then sank down onto it. Laurent is dead. Hes not coming back for me.Youre not mad? He wasnt one of your friends or anything, was he?My friend? I stared up at him, confused and dizzy with relief. I started babbling, my eyes getting moist. No, Jake. Im so so relieved. I thought he was going to find meIve been waiting for him every night, just hoping that hed stop with me and leave Charlie alone. Ive been so frightened, Jacob But how? He was a vampire How did you kill him? He was so strong, so hard, like marbleHe sat down next to me and put one big arm around me comfortingly. Its what were made for, Bells. Were strong, too. I wish you would have told me that you were so afraid. You didnt need to be.You werent around, I mumbled, lost in thought.Oh, right.Wait, JakeI thought you knew, though. Last night, you said it wasnt safe for you to be in my room. I thought you knew that a vampire might be coming. Isnt that what you were talking about?He looked confused for a minute, and then he ducked his head. No, thats not what I meant.Then why didnt you think it was safe for you there? He looked at me with guilt-ridden eyes. I didnt say it wasnt safe for me. I was thinking of you.What do you mean?He looked down and kicked a rock. Theres more than one reason Im not supposed to be around you, Bella. I wasnt supposed to tell you our secret, for one thing, but the other part is that its not safe for you. If I get too mad too upset you might get hurt.I thought about that carefully. When you were mad before when I was yelling at you and you were shaking ?Yeah. His face dropped even lower. That was pretty stupid of me. I have to keep a better traction on myself. I swore I wasnt going to get mad, no matter what you said to me. But I just got so upser that I was going to lose you that you couldnt deal with what I amWhat would happen if you got too mad? I whispered.Id turn into a wolf, he whispered back.You dont need a full moon.He rolled his eyes. Hollywoods version doesnt get much right. Then he sighed, and was serious again. You dont need to be so stressed out, Bells. Were going to take care of this. And were care a special eye on Charlie and the otherswe wont let anything happen to him. Trust me on that.Something very, very obvious, something I should have grasped at oncebut Id been so distract by the idea of Jacob and his friends fighting with Laurent, that Id completely missed it at the timeoccurred to me only then, when Jacob used the present tense again.Were going to take care of this.It wasnt over.Laurent is dead, I gasped, and my entire carcass went ice cold.Bella? Jacob asked an xiously, touching my ashen cheek.If Laurent died a week ago then person else is killing people now.Jacob nodded his teeth clenched together, and he spoke through them. There were two of them. We thought his mate would want to fight usin our stories, they usually get pretty pissed off if you kill theirmatebut she just keeps running away, and then coming back again. If we could figure out what she was after, it would be easier to take her down. But she makes no sense. She keeps dancing around the edges, like shes testing our defenses, looking for a way inbut in where? Where does she want to go? Sam thinks shes trying to separate us, so shell have a better chanceHis voice faded until it sounded like it was coming through a long tunnel I couldnt make out the individual words anymore. My forehead dewed with sweat and my stomach rolled like I had the stomach flu again. Exactly like I had the flu.I turned away from him quickly, and leaned over the tree trunk. My body convulsed with useles s heaves, my empty stomach spying with horrified nausea, though there was nothing in it to expel.Victoria was here. Looking for me. Killing strangers in the woods. The woods where Charlie was searchingMy head spun sickeningly.Jacobs hands caught my shoulders unbroken me from sliding frontwards onto the rocks. I could feel his hot breath on my cheek. Bella Whats wrong?Victoria, I gasped as soon as I could catch my breath around the sick spasms.In my head, Edward snarled in fury at the name.I felt Jacob pull me up from my slump. He draped me awkwardly across his lap, laying my wilted head against his shoulder. He struggled to balance me, to keep me from sagging over, one way or the other He brushed the sweaty hair back from my face.Who? Jacob asked. Can you hear me, Bella? Bella?She wasnt Laurents mate, I moaned into his shoulder. They were just old friendsDo you need some water? A doctor? Tell me what to do, he demanded, frantic.Im not sickIm scared, I explained in a whisper. The word scared didnt really seem to cover it.Jacob patted my back. Scaled of this Victoria? I nodded, shuddering. Victoria is the red-haired female? I trembled again, and whimpered, Yes.How do you know she wasnt his mate?Laurent told me James was her mate, I explained, automatically flexing the hand with the scar.He pulled my face around, holding it steady in his big hand. He stared intently into my eyes. Did he tell you anything else, Bella? This is important. Do you know what she wants?Of course, I whispered. She wants me. His eyes flipped wide, then narrowed into slits. Why? he demanded.Edward killed James, I whispered. Jacob held me so tightly that there was no need for me to clutch at the holehe kept me in one piece. She did get pissed off. But Laurent said she thought it was fairer to kill me than Edward. Mate for mate. She didnt knowstill doesnt know, I guessthat that I swallowed hard. That things arent like that with us anymore. Not for Edward, anyway.Jacob was distracted by t hat, his face torn in the midst of several different expressions. Is that whathappened? Why the Cullens left?Im nothing but a human, after all. Nothing special, I explained, shrugging weakly.Something like a growlnot a real growl, just a human approximationrumbled in Jacobs chest under my ear. If that idiot bloodsucker is honestly stupid enoughPlease, I moaned. Please. Dont.Jacob hesitated, then nodded once.This is important, he said again, his face all business now. This is exactly what we needed to know. Weve got to tell the others right away.He stood, pulling me to my feet. He kept two hands on my waist until he was sure I wasnt going to fall.Im okay, I lied.He traded his hold on my waist for one of my hands. Lets go.He pulled me back toward the truck.Where are we going? I asked.Im not sure yet, he admitted. Ill call a meeting. Hey, wait here for just a minute, okay? He leaned me against the side of the truck and released my hand.Where are you going?Ill be right back, he promise d. Then he turned and sprinted through the parking lot, across the road, and into the bordering forest. He flitted into the trees, swift and silklike as a deer.Jacob I yelled after him hoarsely, but he was already gone.It was not a good time to be left alone. Seconds after Jacob was out of sight, I was hyperventilating. I dragged myself into the cab of the truck, and mashed the locks down at once. It didnt make me feel any better.Victoria was already hunting me. It was just luck that she hadnt found me yetjust luck and five teenage werewolves. I exhaled sharply. No matter what Jacob said, the thought of him coming anywhere close to Victoria was horrifying. I didnt care what he could turn into when he got mad. I could see her in my head, her face wild, her hair like flames, deadly, indestructibleBut, according to Jacob, Laurent was gone. Was that really possible? EdwardI clutched automatically at my chesthad told me how difficult it was to kill a vampire. Only another vampire could do the job. Yet Jake said this was what werewolves were made forHe said they were keeping a special eye on Charliethat I should trust the werewolves to keep my father safe. How could I trust that? None of us were safe Jacob the very least of all, if he was trying to put himself between Victoria and Charlie between Victoria and me.I felt like I might be about to throw up again.A sharp rap on the trucks window made me yelp in terrorbut it was just Jacob, back already. I unlocked the door with trembling, grateful fingers.Youre really scared, arent you? he asked as he climbed in.I nodded.Dont be. Well take care of youand Charlie, too. I promise.The idea of you finding Victoria is scarier than the idea of her finding me, I whispered.He laughed. Youve got to have a little more confidence in us than that. Its insulting.I just shook my head. Id seen too many vampires in action.Where did you go just now? I asked.He pursed his lips, and said nothing.What? Is it a secret?He frowned. Not really . Its kind of weird, though. I dont want to freak you out.Im sort of used to weird by this point, you know. I tried to smile without much success.Jacob grinned back easily. Guess youd have to be. Okay. See, when were wolves, we can hear each other.My eyebrows pulled down in confusion.Not hear sounds, he went on, but we can hear thoughtseach others anywayno matter how far away from each other we are. It really helps when we hunt, but its a big pain otherwise. Its embarrassinghaving no secrets like that. Freaky, eh?Is that what you meant last night, when you said you would tell them youd seen me, even though you didnt want to?Youre quick.Thanks.Youre also very good with weird. I thought that would bother you.Its not well, youre not the first person Ive known who could do that. So it doesnt seem so weird to me.Really Waitare you talking about your bloodsuckers?I wish you wouldnt call them that.He laughed. Whatever. The Cullens, then?Just just Edward. I pulled one arm surreptitiously ar ound my torso.Jacob looked surprisedunpleasantly so. I thought those were just stories. Ive heard legends about vampires who could do extra stuff, but I thought that was just a myth.Is anything just a myth anymore? I asked him wryly.He scowled. Guess not. Okay, were going to meet Sam and the others at the place we go to ride our bikes.I started the truck and headed back up the road.So did you just turn into a wolf now, to talk to Sam? I asked, curious.Jacob nodded, seeming embarrassed. I kept it real shortI tried not to think about you so they wouldnt know what was going on. I was afraid Sam would tell me I couldnt bring you.That wouldnt have stopped me. I couldnt get rid of my perception of Sam as the bad guy. My teeth clenched together whenever I heard his name.Well, it would have stopped me, Jacob said, morose now. Remember how I couldnt finish my sentences last night? How I couldnt just tell you the whole story?Yeah. You looked like you were choking on something.He chuckled dark ly. Close enough. Sam told me I couldnt tell you. Hes the head of the pack, you know. Hes the Alpha. When he tells us to do something, or not to do somethingwhen he really means it, well, we cant just ignore him.Weird, I muttered.Very, he agreed. Its kind of a wolf thing.Huh was the best response I could think of.Yeah, theres a load of stuff like thatwolf things. Im still learning. I cant imagine what it was like for Sam, trying to deal with this alone. It sucks bad enough to go through it with a whole pack for support.Sam was alone?Yeah. Jacobs voice lowered. When I changed, it was the most horrible, the most terrifying thing Ive ever been throughworse than anything I could have imagined. But I wasnt alonethere were the voices there, in my head, telling me what had happened and what I had to do. That kept me from losing my mind, I think. But Sam He shook his head. Sam had no help.This was going to take some adjusting. When Jacob explained it like that, it was hard not to feel compa ssion for Sam. I had to keep reminding myself that there was no reason to hate him anymore.Will they be angry that Im with you? I asked.He made a face. Probably.Maybe I shouldntNo, its okay, he assured me. You know a ton of things that can help us. Its not like youre just some ignorant human. Youre like a I dont know, spy or something. Youve been behind enemy lines.I frowned to myself. Was that what Jacob would want from me? Insider information to help them destroy their enemies? I wasnt a spy, though. I hadnt been collecting that kind of information. Already, his words made me feel like a traitor.But I wanted him to stop Victoria, didnt I?No.I did want Victoria to be stopped, preferably before she tortured me to death or ran into Charlie or killed another stranger. I just didnt want Jacob to be the one to stop her, or quite a to try. I didnt want Jacob within a hundred miles of her.Like the stuff about the mind-reading bloodsucker, he continued, oblivious to my reverie. Thats the kind of thing we need to know about. That really sucks that those stories are true. It makes everything more complicated. Hey, do you think this Victoria can do anything special?I dont think so, I hesitated, and then sighed. He would have mentioned it.He? Oh, you mean Edwardoops, sorry. I forgot. You dont like to say his name. Or hear it.I squeezed my midsection, trying to ignore the throbbing around the edges of my chest. Not really, no.Sorry.How do you know me so well, Jacob? sometimes its like you can read my mind.Naw. I just pay attention.We were on the little dirt road where Jacob had first taught me to ride the motorcycle.This good? I asked.Sure, sure.I pulled over and cut the engine.Youre still pretty unhappy, arent you? he murmured.I nodded, staring unseeingly into the gloomy forest.Did you ever think that maybe youre better off?I inhaled slowly, and then let my breath out. No.Cause he wasnt the bestPlease, Jacob, I interrupted, begging in a whisper. Could we please not talk about this? I cant stand it.Okay. He took a deep breath. Im sorry I said anything.Dont feel bad. If things were different, it would be nice to finally be able to talk to someone about it.He nodded. Yeah, I had a hard time keeping a secret from you for two weeks. It must be hell to not be able to talk to anyone.Hell, I agreed.Jacob sucked in a sharp breath. Theyre here. Lets go.Are you sure? I asked while he popped his door open. Maybe I shouldnt be here.Theyll deal with it, he said, and then he grinned. Whos afraid of the big, bad wolf?Ha ha, I said. But I got out of the truck, hurrying around the front end to stand close beside Jacob. I remembered only too clearly the giant monsters in the meadow. My hands were trembling like Jacobs had been before, but with fear rather than rage.Jake took my hand and squeezed it. Here we go.

John Langdon Essay

Who is John Langdon? John Langdon was one of the two first senators of the state of parvenu Hampshire. Early on in his political life, Langdon was a supporter ceaselessly of the Revolutionary War and then later served in the Continental coition. After serving in Congress, Langdon turned a different direction and became governor of spic-and-span Hampshire. He could have run for vice president of the United States but turned it down. He was a great part in Americas history and grew up with America as it has turned out to be today.John Langdon was played many roles in our country today including a patriot, a soldier, and a statesman. Langdons family was one of the first to settle near the middle of New Hampshires river, the Piscataquis River. John was then taught as a kid festering up by an educator at a school near by. John Langdons father asked John and his brother, Woodbury, to join along on his thriving agricultural business. They both ended up becoming apprentices of local me rchants. Langdon was an unstationary man, as by the age of twenty-one he was captain sailing to the West Indies, and cardinal years later John owned his first merchantman. His brother was even more successful. They both began to do the trade business and by 1770 both workforce were accounted as the wealthiest citizens in the area.In 1777, Langdon turned his attention to a different subject. He wanted to help the soldiers. Since he was the lower speaker of the house for New Hampshire, he spent much period reorganizing and making the states militia stronger. He then split them up into two brigades. One brigade was centered in the east was to protect and prevent ambushes from the Royal Navy and support the New England states. The second brigade was organized in the west to guard from any sudden ambushes from Canada.Then lastly John Langdon is most famously known for being one of two delegates of New Hampshire at the Continental Congress. He was in Congress from 1775 to 1776, and the n resigned in June 1776. He then became a superintendent for the construction of several ships of war. He was also a participant at the Battle of Bennnigton and conduct a group into Saratoga. Then in 1784 he was a member of the state senate, and then the president of New Hampshire in 1785 and 1788. Then in 1787 he was a member of the Continental Congress and a delegate of New Hampshire. He led New Hampshire from the beginning of his life till the very end. From 1805-1811 he was the governor of New Hampshire. He then died in Portsmouth, New Hampshire on September 18th 1819 and was buried in the North Cemetery.John Langdon was not a huge part of Americas course of history was he was overall a big part of New Hampshire. He was a attractor of that state was the moment his family first lived there to dying and being buried there. I think New Hampshire should recognize more of what John Langdon did for their state. My name is crystal Moreland and I am a Field Organizer for Congresswoma n Shelley Berkleys campaign. I wanted to let you know that Brent Martelli has contacted me about his volunteer time with the campaign. We are very excited to have him and would be more than happy to show him all the different aspects of what goes on in a campaign such as voter identification and event involvement. I think this is a great experience for your students to have and I very excited to get them involved. I hope they have a great experience and learn a lot

Skin Facts

The grate is the largest organ of the personate. On the average person, the uncase is approximately 3000 square inches and weighs approximately seven pounds. While the eyes are the windows of the soul, the hide is the window to the body because it is the only organ that can be seen. The skin contains 25% of the bodys blood supply, which flow completely through and through the skin once every minute. The skin is the bodys largest organ of immunity. It is the bodys first line of defence, the boundary where self is designed from non-self, yet it is highly interactive with the environment.Anatomy of Normal Skin Approximately 50% of the bodys primary cells of immunity are housed in the skin at both minute. After puberty, these cells are matured in the skin. The skin is biodynamic, alive up to the stratum horny layer the only barrier the skin has to the outside world. The stratum corneum is less than the thickness of wiz human hair. In one square inch of the skin there are 2800 open ings for soapsuds and oil glands. Over deuce-ace million sweat glands cover the body, contributing to one of the skins many nicknames, the third kidney.In one day, skin will release one to several millilitres of water. As we get older, these sweat glands produce less perspiration. Skin perspires, what some people mistakenly call breathing. It takes in about 2. 5% of the bodys oxygen and releases about 3% carbon dioxide. In general, the skin does not breathe from outside oxygen. It works on anaerobic metabolism through our lungs. The skin is a bio-conversion factory. It is the largest hormone and enzyme producing organ of the body.Two distinct layers make up the skin. The epidermis, which covers and protects and the dermis, supports the epidermis and connects it to the underlying muscles. It acts as a heat regular in conjunction with the blood stream and perspiration glands. When the body is exposed to too much heat, there is a rush of blood to the lift of the skin, permitting it to cool. At the equal time, the perspiration glands secrete liquid to aid in the process. Sensory erception occurs in the skin, preventing damage to its ability to feel heat and/or cold, giving pleasure by the same ability to feel such things as the smoothness of satin of the softness of down. There is delayed light screening by means of melanins response to light. Melanin is a dark pigment found in the skin.It is the area where both sebum and perspiration production take place and where these two combine on the surface to form a protective film (acid mantle) which renders the skin less vulnerable to damage and attack by environmental factors (e. . sun, wind, bacteria) and less prone to dehydration. pH is a chemists term standing for potential of hydrogen and is used to describe the degree of acidity or alkalinity in the acid mantle of the skin or in a product. It is measured on a scale ranging from 0-14. The centre of the scale, 7, is neutrality (neither acid nor alkaline). A rea ding above 7 indicates that the import being measured is alkaline below 7, acid. As far as the skin is concerned, a normal pH (or normal Acid Mantle) is in the deviate of 4. 2 to 5. 6.It will transfer from one part of the body to another and generally speaking, the pH of a mans skin is lower (more acid) than of a womans. The Chemical Composition of the Skin Water70. 0% All percentages are approximate, Protein25. 5%as water may range from 60% to 70%. Lipids2. 0% Trace Minerals0. 5% All Other2. 0% There are three main skin layers The Subcutis contains fat cells and Lipocytes which make lipids. The Dermis contains nerves, blood vessels, sebaceous glands and sweat glands and consists mainly of collagen & elastin. The Epidermis contains keratinocytes, melanocytes and Langerhans cells.The skin, and in fact our whole body, is composed of many different types of cells. These cells have the same fundamental chemical composition but they vary in size, shape and function. The cells that com prise the outer layer of the skin are themselves a series of many layers that overlap each other, thus ensuring that cellular or other fluids cannot escape from the body via the skin except through a cut or break, or by means of special escape routes the stomate of follicles. The outer surface of the skin is comprised of flattened dead cells.Underneath however, there are living cells, which are somewhat fuller, and the deeper one goes into the skin, the fuller and rounder the cells become. At the bottom of all the layers, there is a row of cells, which are the ones that are always growing and in the process, pushing other cells upward, the cells become flattened as they are emptied of their natural fluid through pressure and dehydration. This normal process of shedding and renewal takes about 30 days (which means that after a cell is born in the bottom layer, it ends up on the surface of the skin, dead and ready to shed).The number of things the skin does for us is incredible. It c overs us (epidermis and dermis), helps us go forward warm (fatty layer), cools us off (sweat glands), keeps itself supple (oil glands) provides ultraviolet ray protection (melanin cells, registers our sense of touch (nerves), and is ornamental (hair, eyelashes, nails). Over time, dead protein cells can build up and block sebaceous and sudoriferous glands. This causes disturbances in the skins pH levels, normal rhythm and proliferation.

HB Fuller Company Essay

H.B. Fuller Company is an operational company that deals with paints, adhesives, coating for manufactures and sealants that we regain ourselves using everyday in our life history. However, due to its activities mostly being underground or rather that it deals with behind the scene activities and that most of its products we can only ensure the results not the actual product, most common people may not bang it or even have an idea that it exists.They would be surprised to know that it was founded back in 1987 and operates in around 34 countries in North America. It had net revenue totaling to $1. 472 billion in 2006 a 2. 5 percent increment from the previous year. The company is known to make a lot of profit though some of its money ends up in the public relation section in the dealing with cases concerning gingiva puffing. It has over 3700 employees worldwide and at present, it reaches over 100 countries worldwide.It is operational and makes profit and was recently celebrated its 120th anniversary and it has been stratified by the Forbes Magazine in its Platinum 400 list of best big companies for two consecutive years. (www. hbfuller. com/ virtually us) The company has Michele Volpi as the President and the oldtimer Executive Officer, Fabrizio Corradini as Vice President and nous dodging Officer, Kevin Gilligan as the Vice President, Asia Pacific, Timothy Keenan as Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, pack C. McCreary, Jr. s the Vice President, Interim Chief Financial Officer and Controller, Monica Moretti as the Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer, Jan Muller as the Vice President, Europe, Ann Parriott as the Vice President, Human Resources, Cheryl Reinitz as the Vice President, Treasurer, Jay Scripter as the Vice President, North America and Ramon Tico as the Vice President, Latin America. (www. hbfuller. com/ab let on us/ directors) Michele Volpi is the President and the Chief Executive Officer from December 2006 to presen t.He holds a B.A degree and a Masters degree in business boldness form Bacconi University in Italy. He is in like manner a certified Six Sigma Green Belt. He was the General Manager and Group President, Global Adhesives Group from 2004 to November 2006. he has been the director of legion(predicate) other companies such Global SBU Manager, Polymer shapes Business Unit, General Electric Company, Huntersville. He has also worked in Italy and Spain. (www. hbfuller. com/about us/ directors) Fabrizio Corradini is the Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer.He holds an MBA from University of Chicago and a Masters of solicitude science from Solvay Business School in Brussels in Belgium. He has worked with HB Fuller as the Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer form 2007 to present. He has also worked with Luxembourg, Management Consultant, Boston Consulting Group, Italy, France, Germany, Spain (1996-1998). (www. hbfuller. com/about us/ directors) Kevin Gilligan is the Vice Presiden t, Asia Pacific. He holds a B. S. E. , industrial engineering degree from the University of Michigan and an M.B. A. , marketing & operations from Indiana University, Bloomington. He has been working with HB Fuller from 1994 to present at various positions as the Group vice president, General Manager, operational director, e-business director, product line manager, plant manager and management rotational program. He has vast experience in different fields and he has worked in Poland and Texas. (www. hbfuller. com/about us/ directors) Timothy Keenan is the Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary.He holds a B. A. economics degree from University of Notre Dame. He has worked in the H B Fuller since 2004 as the general and the deputy counsel and corporate Secretary. He has worked as the senior attorney and assistant secretary, global Multifoods Corp. , Minneapolis. (www. hbfuller. com/about us/ directors) James C. McCreary, Jr. is the Vice President, Chief Financial Off icer Controller and Chief Financial Officer. He holds a business administration and accounting degree from Kent State University.He has also worked as the Administration, Product Manager and Controller Vice President of the Industrial Chemicals Division in Pittsburgh. (www. hbfuller. com/about us/ directors) H B Fuller is presented in a case where it is accused of using an intoxicating substance that is used by a channel boy in the case where the dies afterward inhaling the substance. It has been accused that it has caused a number of people to die and that most of them are the youth or rather teenagers who sniff the shoe glue.Earlier on, business ethics was viewed as the compliance of the legal standard and the adherence the internal regulations and rules. However as time went by, this turned out to be a different case as the organizations has to consider the wellbeing of the goods and the services that they produce in their companies this would help them get the confidence and the respect of their customers. at that place is a high growth in demand for social responsibility and companies are held accountable for the actions that come out of their products.Companies are producing comprehensive ethics management systems in their work so that they can be able to deal with the complex ethical issue that they may encounter in their day-to-day life from the places they market their products as some of them pose environmental risks. ( www. pangaea. org/street_children/latin/fuller) There is the Ethics Compliance Management System Standard (ECS2000) that is the guideline for organization and corporations which would bid to conduct businesses in a responsible and reliable manner.It offers the all the required standards to a good social responsibility and is made available to most of the ethics research project centers. It is through these codes or standards that H B Fuller was charged in the federal court for the case of the death of Honduras street children aft er they had sniffed the glue that was produced by the company. (www. pangaea. org/street_children/latin/fuller) On the part of the company, it wanted the case to be dismissed as it claimed that it has reformulated its products and the substance or rather the shoe glue no longer contains any serious intoxicant.It claims that it has replaced the sweet feeling toxic substance with a less intoxicated and not so nice smelling brand. It claims that it has also increases the price of the product and it expects that children may have turn into the other brand. In addition, at that place had to be the government intervention, as the main issue with the children was the accessibility of the chemical to these. Though the company has made a lot of profit from the sale of glue, executives claim that the issues relating to the public relation has outweighed the profits.Fuller also decided to snap out of the market as some of its resolution. It decided to pull some of its products such as the Resistol to see to it whether it will have an effect to the abuse by the children. However, this had very little effect and they decided to pull back as it did not have any effect. They resolved to be selling the products to companies and not to individuals. They also claimed that the issue of the black market was the one responsible for the tragic abuse of the children Central America. (www. pangaea. org/street_children/latin/fuller)Fuller also came up with a new readiness for the prevention of the use of its substances. It came up with an advertising slogan We work chemistry in to answers. This would help the notion in the people that the glue has been intoxicated and that it is the violent death people. Among those that are involved in the case was Linares lawyer who filed a case after her brother died of inhaling toxic glue as they called it. Then there is the involvement of the government that had to protect the Fuller Company in the cases that it was accused in most of thos e third world countries.Also in the case were the benignant rights advocates who fought for the cases of the children who majority of them were intoxicated and all that they wanted was justice be done for them. (www. business-humanrights. org/Links/Repository) According to Ethics Compliance Management System Standard (ECS2000), a company is supposed to be responsible of all the activities and the outcome of all its products and it should take the required measures to correct the problem. In case the company is sued for a pathetic product or a hazardous product, it is supposed to take full repercussion for the poor product. (Malachowski 2001, 10)

Crow Lake Empathy Essay

In Mary Lawsons bragging Lake, Kate Morrison is leave emotion onlyy stunted later a series of events leave her disappointed and grieving. When Kate is only seven, her p bents argon killed in a tragic car accident. Luckily for Kate, she could find condolence in her older brother flat and the pond, a bond dual-lane between the two. Kate idolizes Matt so it crushes her when he impregnates their neighbour and can no longer continue with his education. Kate sees this as a huge disappointment. Shes afraid of love and emotion due to her unresolved conflicts in the past. Kate has been left incap fitting of empathy in fear of becoming close to anyone again.From a young age Kate has been unfamiliar with others and her bear emotions. The Morrison household preferred to keep drama to a minimum. Kate refers to this as the Eleventh Commandment Understatement was the rule in our house. Emotions, even positive ones, were kept firmly under control. It was the Eleventh Commandment, carved on it s very consume tablet of stone and presented specifically to those of Presbyterian persuasion Thou Shall Not Emote (p. 9). Being a singular to emotion, Kate finds it difficult to identify and feel what another person is feeling.Exposure to emotional outbursts makes Kate anxious as she cannot find a proper way to deal with others due to her inability to fully understand and empathize. When Kate is approached by one of her students by and by class she assumes it is because of reasons related to her studies. I guess Im not the sympathetic type she admits, sympathy and empathy are linked, after all (p. 236). The student is struggling to find words when Kate suggests that if it isnt connected to your work, then I may not be the best person (p. 237).When her student confirms its about her studies Kate begins with a generic wine authoritive response to Fionas problem, encouraging her to go on with her work rather than leave university but when she is face up with the raw emotion of Fionas tears Kate shys away, reminding herself that despite both growing up in a rural area, their situations were nothing alike. Rather than trying to relate, Kate pushes herself away. The Eleventh Commandment sticks with her throughout her flavor The return to Crow Lake unearthed feelings that had been buried for too long.For Matts wife, Marie, these feelings were frustration with Kates attitude toward Matt. Marie quite clearly sees how Kates judgements negatively affect him and finally decides to lecture Kate on her blindness to Matts satisfaction with his life and her lack of forgiveness towards him. Kate was completely stunned by Maries words of how her disappointment is the heaviest weight on his shoulders to Kate it seemed that her accusations made no sense (p. 279). Kate, unable to see things from Maries eyes, is unnerved and puzzled by what happened. She was convinced that she had been protecting Matt. Here am I, with my wonderful career, and here is my boyfriend with his wonderful career, and look at all of you (p. 260). She felt as if she would befool been bragging to talk about anything in her current life, rubbing Matts face in her big city endeavours. Her lack of empathy made her blind towards Maries taste at displaying Matts want to regain the bond they had once had. If Kate was able to empathize, she would have been able to forgive Matt. Matt was only seventeen when he had to give up life as a normal teenage boy to be a guardian to his younger sisters.Not only did he have school to worry about but also the well being of his siblings and financial stability. For a act Kate is almost able to empathize with Matt on why he became close with Marie. She excuses Matt because he was eighteen, and when he put his arms around her he would have felt how soft she was (p. 248). But she right away refuses to accept what Matt had done, unable to completely understand why he threw away what meant so a great deal to him. Kate feels as though Matt is still grieving over his loss of opportunity when in populace he moved on. If Kate could only see things through Matts eyes she would know.Her incapability of allow go obstructs her empathy skills and vice versa. Kates inability to empathize stems from the fear of being left disappointed. After the happening with Matt she doesnt allow herself to become close. Empathizing requires undecidedness, expression and a certain degree of intimacy, all of which are foreign to Kate. Although Kate is incapable of empathy, that doesnt mean she doesnt have room to grow. Lawson leaves the ending quite open but hints at Kates readiness to finally let go. Works Cited Lawson, Mary. Crow Lake. Toronto Vintage Canada, 2002.

Development Of Christianity

Christianity developed as a combination of Jewish monotheism and Roman universalism. It developed this route because it started out in a ball club that was anti-Jewish and Roman, and ended in a society that was Roman and Christian. Christians were sooner persecuted by the Romans along with the Jews, who also persecuted them. One of the earliest people to spread Christianity to Greece and Asia Minor at the alike time was the apostle capital of Minnesota. capital of Minnesotaine Christianity synthesized the role of messiah as a divine figure with Greek traditions.Christianity emerged from Judaism, besides there are key differences to remember. The Jews view themselves as inheritors of a historical religious tradition that binds their society together no matter where it is. Christian eschatology does not view the coming of God as a historical event. The apostle Paul still left a definitive and lasting impression on Christian history and the way Jesus was thought of by the mass num bers that Paul was able to change over in Greece and Asia Minor.Paul, who received a vision of Jesus that blinded him, and then was miraculously healed, became one of the send-off Christian evangelists, spreading the word of Jesus passim his feeltime. His traditional pattern of teaching was to begin utter at a local synagogue, get thrown out, and continue to preach to the masses in more(prenominal) bucolic areas, establishing small performes through the teachings of Jesus that were later expanded in other evangelical trips.Through his huge travels, purposeful indifference to persecution, and the expostulation and mosttime exhortation of the idea, still generally applied, that Christians cannot impose an ethnicity upon those who come into the faith, Paul spread the word of Christianity, performing exorcisms and miracles, guided by his concept of otherworldly forces while still creation grounded in his ability to tell their voices from his own. Paul set a whole new precedent for combat-ready in Jesus.It is also arguable that the prevailing conception of Jesus changed with the social territory Paul covered, bedded upon the inhabitants prior belief dodges as adaptive mechanisms that accepted while changing the idea of Jesus in ways that were primarily Jewish (paternalistic, monotheistic), Greek (Dionysian), and Roman (universalist). As time went on, the idea of Jesus returning(a) to earth became less popular and the religion shifted from being persecuted to being accepted, revitalized, and set in a system of official theology.The idea of Jesus at this point changed as it was determined universally by council what was to be thought of Jesus whether or not he was human or divine, submissive to the idea of the father, and so forth It is easy for any society to take the parables of Jesus and do virtually anything with them, since many of the parables are so open-ended. Some of these confusions were cleared up by councilor definitions, and others were add ed.All of the gospel writers had a different agenda in presenting the life of Jesus this is peradventure the main reason, apart from the natural flux of a changingsociety, that the understanding of Jesus was capable of changing from age to age the definitive texts on his message are often distant and are fairly open to interpretation. The formation of Christianity was basically a combination of Jewish monotheism and Roman universalism, perhaps with some Greek paganism as well. One of the earliest relationships between Christianity and the surrounding culture was extremely influenced by the journeys of the apostle Paul. Paul went into different geographical regions as he spread the word of Christianity, as mentioned.Paul worked intensely to collect money for the poor among the saints at Jerusalem Considering the importance that Paul attaches to this mission, and also the evince on economic themes in Luke-Acts, it is very odd that Luke fails to mention either the poverty of the Je rusalem church or Pauls Great Collection (Schneider, 2002). All of the gospel writers had a different agenda in presenting the religion is not necessarily a whole and functioning world that is intrinsically marooned from society since it relies upon society to thrive, it must necessarily make allowances as this society changes.When dealing with Christianity and conceptions of Jesus throughout the Christian age, one must take into account societal and religious shifts as they occur synchronously. For example, for hundreds of days after the death of Jesus, Christians were not fully accepted, and were condemned and executed by the Romans. An exploration of the evolving understanding of Jesus at this point revolves around his parables and also the onset of Pauline Christianity.Although some skeptics outside of Christianity attribute the apostle Pauls states of grace to a disease the apostle himself perhaps mentions in the Bible, and even within the Catholic church some argue that his visions may have been hallucinations or perhaps the result of a CNS disorder which carried him to spastic heights of epiphany, Paul still left a definitive and lasting impression on Christian history and the way Jesus was thought of by the mass numbers that Paul was able to convert, thus changing the face of Christianity to its status as a scourge in early Roman times to an official state religion towards the fall of Rome.REFERENCESchneider, J.R. (2002). The Good of Affluence. Grand Rapids, MI William B.Eerdmans.

Curriculum Evaluation Essay

The report entangle a deterioration of performance in reading, langu geezerhood and arithmetic due to poor financial statemental methods, large class sizes, and inadequate supervision presidential Commission to work Philippine Education (PCSPE) 1. Analyze performance of the educational system and its relevance to internal learningal goals 2. Ascertain the efficiency of the system3. Identify areas which need more detailed investigation.4. The report include findings on a. Mismatch between educational services and manpower requirements b. Mismatch between education priorities and the topic development priorities c. Inequitable distribution of educational facilities and resources across the regions d. Lack of systematic planning and evaluation surveil OF OUTCOMES OF ELEM EDUCATION (SOUTELE)1. Battery of earnment tests designed to quantify the outcomes of elementary education 2. General mental readiness test of non-verbal type designed to measure association 3. Students attitude inventory aimed to measure affective objectives 4. Questionnaires in order to establish the profiles of pupils, teachers, school heads, etc. 5. The study revealed deficiencies of elementary education in terms of inputs (resources), processes ( course of instruction and instruction), and outputs (students achievement). These are affected by socio economic, school types, quality of teaching. The Household and School Matching Survey (HSMS)1. The survey hypothesized that learning is predicated on the antecedent academic, social, physiological variables. 2. The findings of the investigation showed that home- link up and community related variables have greater influences on learning than school related factors such as cost per pupil and numbers of textbooks per students. The congressional Commission on Education get (EDCOM)1. Enhancing the internal capability of the system to satisfactorily implement the total provisions on education 2. Providing the system with necessary financial an d other infrastructure support 3. fortify the systems linkages with all sectors concerned in human resource development 4. Assisting the system to achieve its sectoral goals and targets through strategies that are consistent with the nations development goals. The National valuation and Impact Study of PRODED1. Teacher factor is crucial in the success of the teaching-learning process 2. There is a need to mend the pre-service and in-service training of teachers that should include the development of skills in class elbow room management, teacher-pupil interaction, and the use of instructional aids, etc. Monitoring and Evaluation of RBEC1. Defines what levels of learning students of schools and divisions meetat various stages of the base education cycle ground on the study curriculum. 2. Setting of minimum national standards for capabilities, structures, processes and output based on a template for school rise processes from planning to implementation to monitoring and evaluat ion 3. Nationally standardized student assessment, outcomes measurement and reporting of basic school statistics Presidential Commission on Educational Reform (PCER)1. Created through E.O. in 1988 to define a budget feasible program of reform, and identify executive priority policy recommendations and items for a legislative order of business on education. 2. Comprised of multi sectoral group3. Proposed the establishment of National Education Evaluation and Testing System (NEETS) that assumes responsibility for educational assessment of all levels, including technical and skills developmentCURRENT TRENDS AND ISSUESBILINGUAL EDUCATION1. Article 14, sect 7 of 1987 constitution for the purposes of communication and instruction, the official languages of the Philippines are Filipino and until otherwise provided by law, English. 2. DECS Order 52, s. 1987 the policy of bilingual education aims to make every Filipino competent in both Filipino and English at the national level 3. DECS d efines bilingual as separate use of Filipino and English as media of instruction in specific subjects. Early tikehood Care and Development (ECCD)1. Art 15, Sec 2, 1987 Phil. Cons. recognizes the right of children to assistance, including prim care and nutrition, and special protection from all forms of neglect, abuse, cruelty, exploitation and other conditions prejudicial to their development. 2. UN Convention on the Rights of Child3. Education for All (EFA) agenda of DECS, 1990 envisioned 90% in 2000 of early childhood care and development either home-based services or kindergarten / nursery classes Other issues1. Access to pre-school education2. Private Pre-school education3. world(prenominal) education4. Environmental educationThe K to 12 ProgramThe K to 12 Program covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of junior high school, and both years of senior high school SHS) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts a nd skills, develop womb-to-tomb learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship. The adoption of the program is in response to the need to improve the fighting of our countrys graduates as the ten-year basic education cycle is seen as inadequate for work and higher(prenominal) education. In fact, overseas Filipino workers are non automatically recognized as professional in other countries that view the ten-year education program as insufficient. The Philippines is the solely country in Asia and is one of only three countries in the world with a ten-year basic education cycle.1. Universal Kindergarten Education.2. Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education.3. nucleus Academic Areas4. Specializations.TYPES OF CURRICULUM (PHILIPPINE SETTING)Overt, explicit, or create verbally curriculumIs simply that which is written as part of statuesque instruction of schooling experiences? It whitethorn refer to a curric ulum document, texts, films, and supportive teaching materials that are overtly chosen to support the intentional instructional agenda of a school. Thus, the overt curriculum is usually imprisoned to those written understandings and directions formally designated and reviewed by administrators, curriculum directors and teachers, often collectively.Societal curriculumAs defined by Cortes (1981). Cortes defines this curriculum as the massive, ongoing, informal curriculum of family, peer groups, neighborhoods, churches organizations, occupations, mass, media and other socializing forces that educate all of us throughout our lives. The unavowed or covert curriculumThat which is implied by the very structure and nature of schools, frequently of what revolves around daily or established routines. Longstreet and Shane (1993) offer a commonly accepted definition for this term. The hidden curriculum, which refers to the kinds of learnings children derives from the very nature and organizat ional design of the public school, as well as from the behaviors and attitudes of teachers and administrators.Examples of the hidden curriculum might include the messages and lessons derived from the mere organization of schools the emphasis on sequential room arrangements the cellular, timed segments of formal instruction an annual schedule that is still arranged to accommodate an agrarian age disciplined messages where concentration equates to student behaviors were they are sitting up straight and are continually soundless students getting in and standing in line silently students quietly raising their hands to be called on the endless competition for grades, and so on. The hidden curriculum whitethorn include both lordly or negative messages, depending on the models provided and the perspectives of the learner or the observer.The null curriculumThose lessons learned through seek the profits for information, or through using e-forms of communication. (Wilson, 2004) From Eis ners perspective the null curriculum is simply that which is not taught in schools. Somehow, whatsoeverwhere, some people are empowered to make conscious decisions as to what is to be included and what is to be excluded from the overt (written)From Eisners perspective the null curriculum is simply that which is not taught in schools. Somehow, somewhere, some people are empowered to make conscious decisions as to what is to be included and what is to be excluded from the overt (written curriculum. Since it is physically impossible to teach everything in schools, many topics and subject areas must be intentionally excluded from the written curriculum. But Eisners position on the null curriculum is that when certain subjects or topics are leftover out of the overt curriculum, school personnel are sending messages to students that certain heart and processes are not important enough to study. Unfortunately, without some level of awareness that there is also a well-defined inherent a genda in schools, school personnel send this same type of message via the hidden curriculum. shadower curriculumThe messages prevalent in and through exposure to any type of media. These components and messages play a major part in the enculturation of students into the predominant meta-culture, or in acculturating students into narrower or generational subcultures. Concomitant curriculumWhat is taught, or emphasized at home, or those experiences that are part of a familys experiences, or related experiences sanctioned by the family. (This type of curriculum may be received at church, in the stage setting of religious expression, lessons on values, ethics or morals, molded behaviors, or social experiences based on the familys preferences.) Rhetorical curriculumElements from the rhetorical curriculum are comprised from ideas offered by policymakers, school officials, administrators, or politicians. This curriculum may also come from those professionals involved in concept formatio n and content changes or from those educational initiatives resulting from decisions based on national and state reports, public speeches, or from texts critiquing outdated educational practices. The rhetorical curriculum may also come from the publicized works offering updates in pedagogical knowledge. Curriculum-in-useThe formal curriculum (written or overt) comprises those things in textbooks, and content and concepts in the district curriculum guides. However, those formal elements are frequently not taught. The curriculum-in-use is the actual curriculum that is delivered and presented by each teacher.Received curriculumThose things that students actually take out of classroom those concepts and content that are truly learned and remembered. The internal curriculum Processes, content, knowledge combined with the experiences and realities of the learner to create overbold knowledge. While educators should be aware of this curriculum, they have little control over the internal c urriculum since it is funny to each student. The electronic curriculumThose lessons learned through searching the Internet for information, or through using e-forms of communication. (Wilson, 2004) This type of curriculum may be either formal or informal, and inherent lessons may be overt or covert, good or bad, correct or incorrect depending on ones views. Students who use the Internet on a regular basis, both for recreational purposes (as in blogs, chatrooms, listserves, through instant messenger on-line(a) conversations, or through personal e-mails) and for research and information, are bombarded with all types of media and messages. Much of this information may be factually correct, informative, or even entertaining or inspirational, but other information may be very incorrect, dated, passive, biased, perverse, or even manipulative.The implications for educational practices are that part of the overt curriculum needs to include lessons on how to be wise consumers of informatio n, how to critically appraise the accuracy and correctness of e-information, as well as the reliability of electronic sources. Also, students need to learn how to be artfully discerning about the usefulness and appropriateness of certain types of information. And, like other forms of social interaction, students need to know that there are inherent lessons to be learned about appropriate and acceptable netiquette and online behavior, to include the differences between fair usage and plagiarism.

Managing Staff

Management for any healthc be expertness has many another(prenominal) different roles that they must complete. A health care manager must be able to bobby pin running the daily operations, complete any financial duties, and also manage the employees of the installing. When it comes to keeping the facility mightily rounded management must be aware of what is indispensable. To be sure that the facility is properly staffed, a health care manager should utilize a staffing plan. A staffing plan do-nothing show where employees are requireed to get any hours that the facility needs.Annualizing is also fundamental because if a facility is to be run cardinal hours a day, seven days a week will require many staff fellow members because oneness employee would not be able to fill all of the positions. In understanding any staffing needs for a facility the manager must take into consideration productive and non-productive clipping. Productive time means the time spent that is actua lly worked by an employee. Non-productive time would mean any time the employee is not at work whether it is the weekend, a holiday, sick time, vacation time, or a personal day.When it comes to using a staffing plan it is important for the manager to have this information in place because it will help to show what actual hours need to be covered and how many employees it will take to cover those hours. There are two ways to do a staffing plan they are either done in the annualized method or by the scheduled-position method. In the annualized method the manager would take the non-productive and productive days of each staff person and identify for them in the formula that is used to fill the hours.In the scheduled-position method the non-productive and productive days are accounted for when filling a scheduled shift. This is why recording non-productive and productive days in a staffing plan are undeniable because all of the hours of each staff member are accounted for. When it co mes to the cost for any healthcare facility they can be tied to the staffing in a variety of ways. In a staffing plan the costs are attributed to the amount of staff that is needed to cover the hours that are needed to run the facility.It also can be attributed to the pay rates of each individual staff member and also the benefits that each staff member is entitled to. This information can be kept in the books which will help in preparing a budget or a staffing plan. If a health care manager did not have entranceway to this information they would not have the correct information that is needed to properly staff and run the facility on a day-to-day basis. A healthcare facility is run by a staff that must provide care to its patients, provide daily care, and handle administrative duties.Without proper staffing a facility cannot be run properly and the step of care that the patients receive will suffer which in persuade can affect the overall reputation of the facility. To ensure th at this does not happen, management must have quality staff members and also to make sure that all of the hours are properly covered. Reference Bureau of grind Statistics. (January 2012). Occupational Outlook Handbook. Retrieved from http//www. bls. gov/oco/ocos014. htm

Coffee Shop Essay

I. Introduction The proposed use up revolves around the creation of The Coffee House, a proposed small scale barter that go away be locate in the fast changing environment which is constantly changing due to constructions of buildings and other(a) facilities in the planetary City in Taguig City.The study give tackle from the history of the condescension up to the technical and fiscal aspects of the study, the said study get out also develop the keen observation skills of the students in hurt of the saleable value of a specific brand of their liking and depart also h unmatched their analysis skills in the business side of the proposed study whether technical or financial. II. Business History The Coffee House is a new small scale business that targets the drinking chocolate industry with an expected opening date of July of 2011 in 38th Dr. N.University Parkway, Bonifacio North Triangle, Bonifacio spheric City, Taguig City. The business is a burnt umber glom, located d raw close prestigious schools and business districts in the neighborhood. The business specializes in chocolate, tea, and home-brewed pastries. at that place atomic number 18 other shops that only serve coffee in the vicinity, the nearest being over one kilometer away which is stationed at market place Market Mall in the vicinity. The target audience of the business is individuals which are both in the workforce and in the academe, students and professionals alike.Currently, there are no places in the surrounding area that cater to the said target audience. III. visual sensation and Mission Statement The vision of The Coffee House is to become the leading coffee shop in the area of Bonifacio Global City that is under the governance of Taguig city that also practices the green operation of its fund and eventually provides a common area for business meetings, hang-out with friends and even a place for studying turn enjoying the products of the business.The mission of The Coffe e House is to bring back the appreciation of the masses to the local coffee, to break kind norms through the business, to create an environment that cigarette cater to different types of people all in the same time, to contribute to the development of ones self being, to take part in the solution of environmental problems and to be able to encourage others in doing the same thing and lastly to help deflate the get up of unemployment in the country. Objectives The proposed studies primary goals over the next year are as follows 1. Secure financing for start-up of at least P1, 380,000 for space and equipment.2. Renovate our space in Global City. 3. Acquire equipment necessary for business, i. e. coffee pots, cappuccino machines, blenders, etcetera 4. Make agreement with coffee distributors, and bakery vendors. 5. Create a cozy, clean environment (i. e. prime(a) of colors, choice of music, decor) 6. Open for another appendagees and become the foremost coffeehouse in the area. Ow nership The Coffee House is a corporation that was formed in the early stages of the study. Each individual are equally involved in the operation and focusing of the said proposed business.Since the ownership type of the business is a corporation type, in terms of pro ascertain, responsibility and liability each individual has equal share, therefore each decision that the business will take before it will be implemented into the business the owners will first assess the proposed performance before implementing it on a first hand basis and if the decision fails, each one of them will also share the consequences of it. Location and Facilities The Coffee House is located at the 38th Dr. N. University Parkway, Bonifacio North Triangle, Bonifacio Global City, Taguig City. The proponents currently own the building that the proposed business will occupy.Thus, expenses for the renovation of the area will be taken from the funds of the business. Since building a business from the ground u p, the proponents took a risk in renovating the proposed location to give up the business for monthly increase in cost if the business will rent a commercial-grade-grade location. In terms of facilities, the proponents will avail the basic facilities to jump start the business and will gain ground more equipment when the business has received its return of investment, which in the estimation of the proponents would be on the succeeding months from its effectuate date.Products and Services Description of Products and Services The Coffee House will pop the question high bore coffee our primary product at a very reasonable price. We will also sell homemade cookies, brownies, and doughnuts, also reasonably priced. Key Features of the Products and Services All drinks will be made with filtered water and the highest quality ingredients we can get. Frozen drinks will get to caramel or chocolate syrup drizzled in the tripe and over the drink. Cappuccino and hot coca will maintain whipped cream toppings as well as the plectrum for candy sprinkles. Cookies will have the option of a chocolate or caramel dip and sprinkles.We will offer designer flavored cream and five kinds of sweetener, i. e. sugar, honey, Equal, and Sweet-n-Low. Cream and sweetener is at no extra charge. takings of Products and Services We will use only filtered water and will brew our coffee in commercial coffeepots that will be thoroughly cleaned between uses. We will bake cookies, brownies and pizza pandesal in our own on-the-spot(prenominal) oven from proven recipes, daily. Future Products and Services Within the next trine to five years we expect to branch out into catering and offer homemade pies, whole or by the slice.Comparative Advantages in yield Our low overhead and cheaper pricing will be the key to our success. Industry Overview Market Research There are other businesses that serve only coffee in the area. Size of the Industry Nationally, the coffee shop industry is quite larg e, but in Global City, there are only three. The nearest one is in Market Market which is less than one (1) kilometer away. Industry Outlook The coffee business does not show signs of slowing down. With new innovations such as flavorings and additives, it should continue for some time. Marketing strategy. pose Markets Our target market is artists and writers who need a nice quite cozy place to think and do their work. Description of Key Competitors Of the three coffee shops in the area, one is a large chain with a very expensive product, one is really a home style restaurant, the last one, and our biggest is a noteworthy Coffee Shop with an Elegant Style Setting. Analysis of Competitive Position Our pricing strategy, well-off atmosphere and offering free wifi access will be the key to our success. None of the other shops in the area can offer this. Pricing Strategy The business will offer three sizes of drinks, small, medium and large.Which ranges from 50 pesos to 100 pesos, our cookies and brownies will sell for P50. 00 each/Pizza Pandesal P46 each Promotion Strategy We intend to advertise in the local newspapers and offer a frequent drinkers club discount to our beat out customers. We will also send out ads via direct mail, which will include cents off coupons. Management and Staffing organisational Structure Our organizational structure will be a simple pyramid style with the owners putt in as much work as the employees. Management Team Rachelle Ann Heyres and Marilou Deondo will share management and supervisory responsibilities equally.Rachelle for the morning shift. Marilou for the afternoon shift. Staffing We will hire two busboys, two waitresses, cooks, cashier, janitors, and also security safeguard these will be recruited from the STI. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Busboys- Security guard- A security guards duty is to perform the duties allotted to him either to bushel a place from external infiltration of people or danger that may disrupt the cognitive operation & assets of the organization. His responsibilities include performance of the duty allotted to him, to report to his superiors and be accountable for any lapse of duty.Janitors or cleaners- Labor Market Issues In this area there are College students looking for work, part time or full time, we want to fill that need. Regulatory Issues Global City and the state of Taguig City both have regulations regarding food service establishments. We have already obtained the appropriate business permits. Risks Market Risks The main risk is monetary. The area may not be ready for a place like ours and we may not do a great business but it can be prevented we will offer( free wi-fi )access to all customers as long as they want as long as they are drinking our coffee.Implementation stick out Implementation Activities and Dates 1. Begin building renovation 7/11 2. Complete renovation 7/5/11 3. Begin preliminary advertising 7/6/11 4. Purchase and setup equipment 7/10/11 5. Open for business 7/15/11 Financial Plan lineage Balance Sheet This will be a listing of all of your assets and liabilities, before you open for business. You may want to use a spreadsheet program to make this go easier. Balance Sheet Current Assets grammatical construction P6, 900,000 Computer P69, 000 Sound System P92, 000 Furnishings P200, 000 Equipment P138, 000 Cash Rachelle P230, 000Marilou P207, 000 Accounts Receivable None Inventory Coffee P46, 000 Tea P23, 000 separate Assets Cups P138, 000 Total Current Assets P8, 043,000 Liabilities Accounts Payable (monthly) Water P9, 200 Phone P6, 900 Electric P23, 000 Donut Vendor P46, 000 warehouse Club P46, 000 Coffee Distributor P46, 000 Wages P230, 000 Advertising P46, 000 Taxes Payable Property Taxes P23, 000 Employee Taxes P92, 000 Operating Loans Payable startup Loan P23, 000 Total Liabilities P545100 ongoing per month Projected Income This will be a listing by month of your projected income.List the projected income each month for each product, this way you can oppose actual sales to projected sales at the end of the year to determine what products to concentrate on. (Below is a sample month) July 05 Coffee P276, 000 Tea P92, 000 Cookies P69, 000 Donuts P115, 000 Misc. P184, 000 Total Income for March P736, 000 Total Projected Net Profit (Cost/Benefit) P144, 900 for July This would bust 20 pots of coffee sold a day, plus an assortment of other items. This also assumes the market will not increase or decrease due to weather or economics. This would be an average month.This of fall would be adjusted monthly once you start business. Then based on the adjustments and actual sales, you can build a new balance sheet at the beginning of next year. Conclusions After you have created the business plan and examined the cash flow estimation you may find that your net profits are not what you would like them to be. In this case you may have to revise your pricing strategy to fit with your expectations or change y our expectations. A coffee shop is not a get rich brisk idea it takes lots of hard work and long hours to realize your dream. But, in the long run, careful supply will make it all worth it. S. W.O. T analysis Strength * The Coffeehouse will offer foods compatible to the coffee that customers orders. * The environment of the business is always clean and well refresh for customers to feel relaxed. * The beverages that the business offers are locally and naturally produced that ensures the quality of the products and lowers additional costs. * Ingredients for other products that will be offered by the business like pastries, salads and the likes is organically produce in the businesses green house. * The business is located near establishments for business, academic, rising condominiums and the occasional joggers of the area.Weakness * Unlike other coffee shops the location of our store is not indoors the mall. * Lot of expenses. * Slow regaining for profit. * We need to advertise our coffee shop to the public to be know unlike the others. * Low competitiveness when it comes to name or brand.Opportunities * The coffee that we offer is new to the every individuals so the opportunity in it is that the coffee drinkers may want to try our products to compare it to their usual coffee. * Threats * The other coffee brands is popularly known by every individuals that drinks coffee. *